2 Samuel 3:2-5 (NASB). Massachusetts Institute of Technology Therefore be favorable toward my men, since we come at a festive time. When Abigail and David encounter one another in 1 Samuel 25, David is on the run from King Saul, who has rightly discerned that David is a threat to his throne. Samuel the prophet had just died, and David and his men had traveled down into the Desert of Maon. His name also appears as Later, King Saul plotted to murder David. The chapter is set during the sheep-shearing festival, a time renowned for feasting and revelry. The meaning in Hebrew of the word day always means a 24 hour period of time. (AU) 30When the Lord has fulfilled for my lord every good thing he promised concerning him and has appointed him ruler(AV) over Israel, 31my lord will not have on his conscience the staggering burden of needless bloodshed or of having avenged himself. As she came riding her donkey into a mountain ravine, there were David and his men descending toward her, and she met them. 36When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. Meanwhile David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, after he came from Hebron; and more sons and daughters were born to David. What was a concubine in the Old Testament era? He is just like his namehis name means Fool, and folly goes with him. I have heard your words and granted your request., When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. Jeremiah 9:23-24. (Viewed on May 1, 2023) . Why were the Israelites still bound to their covenant to the Gibeonites even after they discovered these people were lying. For his part, David was captivated by Abigail's beauty and apparent wisdom. Berlin, Adele. WebDavid, Nabal and Abigail 25 Now Samuel died, and all Israel assembled and mourned for him; and they buried him at his home in Ramah. Enraged, David swears on oath: May God do thus and more to David, if by morning, I leave a single pisser against the wall! (v. 22). She has authored a number of books on faith and religion. Abigails story is told in 1 Samuel 25, at the time when Saul was king. WebDavid Marries Abigail the Widow of Nabal 2 There was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. The story of Abigail and David ranks almost as exciting and deceitful as that of David and his most famous wife, Bathsheba. At the beginning of the story, Abigail is the wife of a wealthy man named Nabal who 20As she came riding her donkey into a mountain ravine, there were David and his men descending toward her, and she met them. How can we know God's thoughts? 26And now, my lord, as surely as the Lord your God lives and as you live, since the Lord has kept you from bloodshed(AK) and from avenging(AL) yourself with your own hands, may your enemies and all who are intent on harming my lord be like Nabal. Old Testament Part 7. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abigail. In fact, the fear of Nahash is one of the reasons Israel demanded a Given their respective physical beauty and characters described in scripture, Williams theorizes that David found in Abigail the kind of comrade he needed to achieve the kingship of a unified Israel. Wives of King David: Ahinoam of Jezreel He was in high spirits and very drunk. The Political Import of Davids Marriages. Journal of Biblical Literature 99 (1980): 50718. Share Donations to this ministry aretax-deductible. Who was Nahash the Ammonite This source names seven wives: David was married to Ahinoam, Abigail, Maacha, Haggith, Abital, and Eglah during the 7-1/2 years he reigned in Hebron as king of Judah. 2 Samuel 5:13-16 and 1 Chronicles 14:3-5 reveal that King David took other wives and concubines. Then David moved down into the Desert of Paran. He is also identified as a Calebite, perhaps a rival clan for the Judean monarchy. Why was Abigail still called "Nabal's wife" even after she married David? So, how did King David and Abigail meet? Tel Aviv: Schocken, 1985. 3 And David dwelleth with Achish in Gath, he and his men, each one with his household, [even] David and his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail wife of Nabal the Carmelitess. About four hundred men went(P) up with David, while two hundred stayed with the supplies. Perhaps David, like other kings who appropriated the harems of their predecessors or rivals, strengthened his claim to the throne in this way. The name Abigail was also borne by Davids sister (1 Chronicles 2:16), who was the mother of Amasa, commander of the army of Absalom. That is the reason they eventually married. Now Michal, Sauls daughter, loved David. When they arrived, they reported every word. https://www.learnreligions.com/davids-many-wives-in-bible-117324 (accessed May 1, 2023). Amid this numerical confusion, three of the many wives of David in the Bible stand out because their relationships provide significant insights into David's character. 18Abigail acted quickly. There she found her boorish husband enjoying a feast fit for a king, utterly clueless to the danger he was in from David's wrath (1 Samuel 25:36-38). Limited polygamy (one man married to more than one woman) was permitted during this era of Israel's history. Abigail quickly intervenes, sending a feast ahead and greeting David on the way. Abigail was clearly one of these women, according to 1 Samuel 25. 2 responses The meaning of her own name then takes on new resonance, meaning my fathers joy or my father rejoices, from the Hebrew rootg-y-lto rejoice. Yet the son, Chileab, never becomes a contender for the throne and, beyond this episode, Abigail plays no role in the court history. She was also the mother of King Solomon. Sons were born to David at Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by Davids wife Eglah. 2 Samuel 11:1-2 tells us that one evening King David was walking on the roof of his house and saw Bathsheba bathing. His wife Abigail inherited Nabal's fortune. Early Christian CommunionWine or Mingled Wine? Jesus sent out 70 Disciples to preach His Good News. Updates? Report. Her omission from the genealogy may be linked to 2 Samuel 6:23, which says, "to her dying day Michal, daughter of Saul, had no children.". Astle, Cynthia. 3334). 1 samuel - How old was David when he fought Goliath? - Biblical Story of Abigail and David - Early Church History This makes David an outlaw, camping out in the wilderness while trying to build up some following among the people. Abigail alights from her donkey and prostrates herself before David. WebAbigail, in the Old Testament, the wife of Nabal of southern Judah, on whose death she became one of the first wives of David (1 Samuel 25) and the mother of his son Chileab. Modern Persecution of Christians in China, Patriarch Jacobs Well & St. Philoumenous, Slaughter of the Theban Legion C. 286 AD, LapsiChristians Who Lapse/Abandon Their Faith, Evodias Named Followers of Christ Christians. A certain man in Maon, who had property there at Carmel, was very wealthy. In short, Williams says that David and Abigail recognized in one another their mutual strengths and weaknesses, a realization that probably made their union, although ethically ambiguous, inevitable and successful. From the former (self-styled handmaid; 1 Samuel 25:25) is derived the colloquial use of the word for a waiting woman. He learns her name and the name of her husband, Uriah, a general in his army. In the five contexts in which she is mentioned, her name is only once referenced after Abigail, King Davids other wife. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The first time they are mentioned is in 2 Samuel 3:2-5 and 1 Chronicles 3:1-3 repeats the same information. "The Many Wives of David in the Bible." Based on the common practices in David's time, he was committing no sin to take Abigail as his wife, even though he was already married. He tells the messengers to remind Nabal that David's band had protected Nabal's shepherds in the wilderness. Abigail Wolcott married Oliver Ellsworth on December 10, 1772, providing him with the strength and stability to continue his highly productive life. Why did God tell Hosea to marry a prostitute? New York and London: T&T Clark, 2010. A Jewish legend has named her Nitzevet, but there is no biblical confirmation of that name. Saul did this because he knew Michal loved David and she betrayed him. ~John Wesley's Notes on the Bible. 17 terms. The Bible does not mention King Davids mother by name. Who was Abigail in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org Jonah was in the belly of the whale 4 days. http://netbible.com All rights reserved. 7. Abigail and Bathsheba: Two Wives | Bible.org Report BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. In short, violence was about to ensue. (T) 16Night and day they were a wall(U) around us the whole time we were herding our sheep near them. A Feast Fit for a King: Food and Drink in the Abigail Story. In The Fate of King David: The Past and Present of a Biblical Icon, edited by Tod Linafelt, Timothy Beal, and Claudia V. Camp, 3854. Who is this son of Jesse? Then David sent word to Abigail, asking her to become his wife. After David moved his capital to Jerusalem, he married Bathsheba. May God deal with David, be it ever so severely, if by morning I leave alive one male of all who belong to him!When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground. She was considered by our sages to be among the 4 most beautiful women of She quickly assembles an elaborate feast, which is loaded up on donkeys and sent in advance. David February 13 2015 2431)repeatedly addressing David as lord and herself as maidservantshe appeals to him to shed no blood. Please forgive your servants presumption. He is just like his namehis name means Fool(AI),(AJ) and folly goes with him. Features thousands of biographic and thematic essays on Jewish women around the world. The LORD has also returned the evildoing of Nabal on his own head. Then David sent a proposal to Abigail, to take her as his wife. Abigail prostrated herself before David and begged him to take his anger at Nabal out on her instead because she didn't see the messengers he sent and therefore didn't know of his needs. In the Abigail story, on the other hand, the woman is married to an evil husband and prevents him from murdering Nabal (and all the males of the household), as David acknowledges (vv. Report T/F, 3. WebDavid Marries Abigail the Widow of Nabal 2 There was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. David is familiar to most people as a great hero in the Bible because of his confrontation with Goliath of Gath, a (giant) Philistine warrior. Scholars Dispute Whether David Married Merab, Amid All the Wives of David in the Bible 3 Stand Out, References for the Many Wives of David in the Bible. 9When Davids men arrived, they gave Nabal this message in Davids name. He accepted the food she brought and sent her home with a promise that he would remember her good counsel and her kindness. It is important to notice that in this passage the numbers refer to the sons born to David. Rachel Adelman One of the servants told Abigail, Nabals wife, David sent messengers from the wilderness to give our master his greetings, but he hurled insults at them. Far more polite and diplomatic than a woman of her standing needed to be with an outlaw like David, Abigail assured him that he has God's favor, which will keep him from harm and give him both the throne of Israel and a noble house of many descendants. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. Asked December 26 2014 It was not until Hebron that he had any children Ahinoam is a Hebrew Bible character appearing in the Book of Samuel as King Davids wife and mother of his eldest son, Amnom. The meaning in Hebrew of the word day always means a 24 hour period of time. Now I hear that it is sheep-shearing time. Have you ever wondered how many wives David had? She has authored a number of books on faith and religion. As in the encounters with King Saul that frame this story (chs. The rabbis assert that when Merab died, Michal raised her sister's five children as if they were her own, so that Michal was acknowledged as their mother, though she was not married to Adriel, their father. 1011), and why one of his own young men turns to Abigail to save them all, explaining: he is such a nasty fellow that no one can speak to him (v. 17). Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal would have been left alive by daybreak., Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, Go home in peace. Astle, Cynthia. The implication of scripture is that David recognized what an asset Abigail would be to him as a wife since she was clearly someone who managed well, protected her husband's interests, and could recognize dangers in time to avert disaster. Marys Perpetual Virginity & Jesus Brothers, Why Pollen on the Shroud of Turin Proves it is Real, Christian Inscriptions in Roman Catacombs, Eruption Of Mt. 37Then in the morning, when Nabal was sober, his wife told him all these things, and his heart failed him and he became like a stone. There were only 8 people in Noahs Ark. Consequently, she decided to wait until the morning to tell Nabal what King David had planned to do and shared how she had saved him (v. 36-37). Davids father, Jesse, lived in Bethlehem and was from the tribe of Judah. (H), 4While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal was shearing sheep. How can it be said that my loved one is now with our Father in heaven when the Bible tells no one sees heaven until the rapture? Cynthia B. Astle is an award-winning journalist who covered religion for 25 years. Abigail was from Mt. When David is away, the Amalekites attack Ziklag and carry off the wives, Davids people, and his possessions, but David is able to rescue them (1 Sam 30:15, 18). Abigail As soon as David heard that Nabal had died, he shouted praises to God and immediately sent a proposal of marriage to the wise, beautiful and rich Abigail. Abigail wiselyand secretlygathered a feast fit for a king and went to meet David. Her marriage gave her considerable social standing, judging by the fact that she had five maidservants (1 Samuel 25:42). Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Bodi, Daniel, ed. June 23, 2021. 3. Because of the hint to David (v. 34), the mysterious cause of Nabals death, and no record of mourning her boorish husband, some scholars and modern creative renditions have read Abigail as conniving. Try Bible Gateway Plus free today. Nothing more is known of (G) She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband was surly and mean in his dealingshe was a Calebite. 1 Now Samuel died. Old Testament Part Who Were the Nephilim Giants of the Bible? WebAbigail quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five maids, went with David's messengers and became his wife. He is such a wicked(V) man that no one can talk to him.. The order of the names may imply that Ahinoam was a preferred wife over Abigail since every time the wives are mentioned in Scripture Ahinoam is listed first (1 Samuel 30:5; 2 Samuel 2:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). Carol Meyers, in her book Discovering Eve: Ancient Israelite Women in Context, writes this of gender relationships in pre-state Israel: "When a household occupies the preeminent place in society, women have a strong role in decision making and consequently exercise considerable power in the household. Based on her prescience, the Talmud identifies Abigail as one of the seven female prophets in the Hebrew Bible (b. Megillah 15a). Unlike Michal, whom David leaves behind when fleeing from King Saul (19:1117), Abigail and Ahinoam accompany him to Gath (1 Sam 27:3). Garsiel, Moshe. and more. These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishama, Beeliada and Eliphelet. Episode 91: Israel at 75: Voices of Protest. But Saul had given his daughter Michal, Davids wife, to Paltiel son of Laish, who was from Gallim. I Samuel 144 Article by Sandra Sweeny Silver, Slaves Were Lifeless Tools in Ancient Rome, The Exotic Animal Business in Ancient Rome. Levenson, Jon D. 1 Samuel 25 as Literature and History.Catholic Biblical Quarterly40 (1978): 1128. David brought his number of spouses to seven when he later married Bathsheba in Jerusalem, so David had well under the maximum of 18 wives. Later in 1 Samuel 27:3 we read about both Abigal and Ahinoam in one verse. 44 But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David's wife, to Paltiel [4]son of Laish, who was from Gallim. David was married to Ahinoam, Abigail, Maacha, Haggith, Abital, and Eglah during the 7-1/2 years he reigned in Hebron as king of Judah. About ten days later, the Lord struck Nabal and he died.When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, Praise be to the Lord, who has upheld my cause against Nabal for treating me with contempt. The higher the vote, the further up an answer is. However, Jewish studies scholar Sandra S. Williams has proposed another possible motivation for Abigail's actions. A good answer provides new insight and perspective. This passage also reveals that Bathshua was alternate name for Bathsheba since Bathshua is the mother of King Solomon. (Psalm 92:4-5). Her story is found in 1 Samuel 25. Ahinoam, said to come from Jezreel, is King Davids wife and the mother of his eldest son, Amnon. In the city of Jerusalem, Davids eighth wife, Bathsheba, gave him four sons after the death of her first son. And now, my lord, as surely as the Lord your God lives and as you live, since the Lord has kept you from bloodshed and from avenging yourself with your own hands, may your enemies and all who are intent on harming my lord be like Nabal. Does Psalms 90:10 indicate that the lifespan of man should only be 70-80 years? Please ensure your answer MEETS all our guidelines. "Abigail and David - Abigail Was King David's Wisest Wife." Start for FREE. When Abigail and David encounter one another in 1 Samuel 25, David is on the run from King Saul, who has rightly discerned that David is a threat to his throne. Then David took more wives at Jerusalem, and David became the father of more sons and daughters. Sextus Julius AfricanusWhy Did The Magi Come ? Does Psalms 90:10 indicate that the lifespan of man should only be 70-80 years? In an eloquent speech, she persuades him to shed no blood and prophesies that he will be king. Please give your servants and your son David whatever(L) you can find for them.. Further, it accounts for Abigails motivation: why she intervenes secretly to provide a feast for David and his men without consulting her husband. (BJ) 44But Saul had given his daughter Michal, Davids wife, to Paltiel[d](BK) son of Laish, who was from Gallim.(BL). A good answer provides new insight and perspective. Share There are no other biblical passages that describe the marriage of King David and Ahinoam other than she became the mother of Davids first son (2 Samuel 3:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). About four hundred men went up with David, while two hundred stayed with the supplies. What is the meaning of 1 Timothy 4:13 when it refers to the public reading of Scripture? All the names for our week days come from Roman and Norse/Anglo-Saxon gods. Jewish Women says that equating Eglah with Michal was the rabbis' way of bringing David's marriages into line with the requirements of Deuteronomy 17:17, a law of Torah which mandates that the king "shall not have many wives." Now these are the names of those who were born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishama, Eliada and Eliphelet. The last statement made at the end of Michals life is that she had no children. Jewish Women's Archive. Have an update or correction? The wife of a rich man when she met David, Abigail possessed beauty, intelligence, political shrewdness, and material wealth that helped David at a critical moment when he could have thrown away his chance at success. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Learn Religions. After David gave Saul the foreskins of one hundred Philistines, he was allowed to marry Michal. The answers are provided in 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. Asked February 12 2015 3. Riza Gano. They did not mistreat us, and the whole time we were out in the fields near them nothing was missing. 3. The Number, Location, and Mothers of David's Children. 2. He met her when he was on his way to kill her worthless husband, who wouldn't pay David for providing security during the Later after Saul died (1 Samuel 31:6), David was reunited with his wife Michal (2 Samuel 3:14-16). WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Before she married David, Abigail had been the wife of:, What was David's age when he became king of Israel?, What city did King David select for his capital? Names of Davids wives? Michal heard about the plot, informed David and he fled (1 Samuel 19:11-12). In fact, the first son born to David and Bathsheba died a week after birth, as brought out in 2 Samuel 12:15-18. Share Since scripture describes both David and Abigail as good-looking people, it's entirely possible that some attraction pulled Abigail toward David. What is the meaning of "peace be unto you" in the Bible? Adelman, Rachel. King David inquires after her. Ten days later God caused him to die (v. 37-38). 5So he sent ten young men and said to them, Go up to Nabal at Carmel and greet him in my name. 1 Samuel 25 NIV - David, Nabal and Abigail - Bible Gateway 29Even though someone is pursuing you to take your life,(AS) the life of my lord will be bound securely in the bundle of the living by the Lord your God, but the lives of your enemies he will hurl(AT) away as from the pocket of a sling. Nabal appears to think David's request falls into the latter category, for he sneers at their message. She is listed six times by name in scripture. She married John Punderson. (BD) So she told(BE) him nothing at all until daybreak. And when the Lord your God has brought my lord success, remember(AW) your servant.(AX), 32David said to Abigail, Praise(AY) be to the Lord, the God of Israel, who has sent you today to meet me. Abigail in the Bible Williams cites David and Abigail's common characteristics: both were intelligent, charismatic leaders with good diplomatic and communicating skills, masters of diplomacy who knew how to play situations to their advantage, yet deceptive creatures who could feign victimhood while betraying the trust of others. The higher the vote, the further up an answer is. (Psalm 92:4-5). Abigail was the wife of Nabal, a rich man from Carmel who refused to help David by providing food for David and his men. How old was Esther when she married King Ahasuerus? Meyers, Carol, ed. Nabal says, meaning essentially "who is this upstart?" When they arrived, they reported every word. 40His servants went to Carmel and said to Abigail, David has sent us to you to take you to become his wife., 41She bowed down with her face to the ground and said, I am your servant and am ready to serve you and wash the feet of my lords servants. 42Abigail(BH) quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five female servants, went with Davids messengers and became his wife. Nabal then accuses David of disloyalty to Saul by saying, "There are many slaves nowadays who run away from their masters. Why did David seek to take back Michal as wife after she was wed to Paltiel? But Ahinoam could have been the wife he preferred. Share get to know the Bible better! She further portends that God will establish a sure house for David (v. 28), foreshadowing Nathans prophecy of an everlasting dynasty for the king (2 Samuel 7). Then David rose and went down to the wilderness of Paran. Why do we pray when God already knows what we need? She obsequiously prostrates herself, calling David lord and herself maidservant prepared to wash [his] servants feet; though, ironically, she follows the messenger with five maids on donkeys in tow (vv. T/F, 5. Davids men turned around and went back. Why did this secret disciple risk discovery after Jesus was dead (Luke 23:50-53)? When they told Saul, the thing was agreeable to him. Bathsheba David This is especially true for complex households such as the extended or multiple-family units that made up a significant number of domestic compounds in Israelite villages.". Abigail Was the Comrade David Needed to Succeed. His servants went to Carmel and said to Abigail, David has sent us to you to take you to become his wife., She bowed down with her face to the ground and said, I am your servant and am ready to serve you and wash the feet of my lords servants. Abigail quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five female servants, went with Davids messengers and became his wife. Last updated Abigail While David was running from Saul, he met another woman, Abigail, who became his third wife. Episode 91: Israel at 75: Voices of Protest. Some scholars say this reference implies that David was merely seeking a quid pro quo from Nabal, but others argue that David was really trying to extort the ancientIsraelite equivalent of "protection money" from Nabal. T/F, 2. Missing from the 1 Chronicles 3 list of sons and wives is Michal, daughter of King Saul who reigned c. 1025-1005 B.C. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Why choose these 300 men? David then ordered that Uriah be moved to the front-line of a battle, where he was killed. Does the Bible mention Davids mother Does 2 Samuel 12:8 mean God approved of Davids polygamy? He is such a wicked man that no one can talk to him.Abigail acted quickly. Have an update or correction? 41-42). This is the story as told in the Bible about King David and a woman named Abigail who was married to a man named Nabal. 23When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground. But Scripture tells us that he had other wives plus a number of unknown concubines. She promises that, if he restrains himself from bloodguilt, then God will dispatch Davids enemies (v. 29), alluding to the death of Nabal, and perhaps to Sauls as well. Astle, Cynthia. This reveals that sometime after Uriah died, David and Bathsheba were married. 4. She not only has five women servants of her own, but her husband's male servants also do her bidding, as seen when she sent them out with provisions for David. Michal and David: Michal Was King David's First Wife, Bathsheba, Mother of Solomon, Wife of King David, Biography of King Solomon: The Wisest Man Who Ever Lived, Abigail and David - Abigail Was King David's Wisest Wife. David married Abigail and traveled with her (and his first wife Ahinoam) for two years.
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